Reactivity
Declare state
Update state
Ember Polaris
import Component from "@glimmer/component";
import { tracked } from "@glimmer/tracking";
export default class CounterComponent extends Component {
@tracked name = "John";
constructor(owner, args) {
super(owner, args);
this.name = "Jane";
}
<template>
<h1>Hello {{this.name}}</h1>
</template>
}
Computed state
<script>
let count = $state(10);
const doubleCount = $derived(count * 2);
</script>
<div>{doubleCount}</div>
Ember Polaris
import Component, { tracked } from "@glimmer/component";
export default class DoubleCount extends Component {
@tracked count = 10;
get doubleCount() {
return this.count * 2;
}
<template>
<div>{{this.doubleCount}}</div>
</template>
}
Templating
Minimal template
Styling
<h1 class="title">I am red</h1>
<button style="font-size: 10rem;">I am a button</button>
<style>
.title {
color: red;
}
</style>
Ember Polaris
<template>
<h1 class="title">I am red</h1>
<button style="font-size: 10rem;">I am a button</button>
<style>
.title {
color: red;
}
</style>
</template>Loop
Event click
<script>
let count = $state(0);
function incrementCount() {
count++;
}
</script>
<p>Counter: {count}</p>
<button onclick={incrementCount}>+1</button>
Ember Polaris
import Component from "@glimmer/component";
import { tracked } from "@glimmer/tracking";
export default class Counter extends Component {
@tracked count = 0;
incrementCount = () => this.count++;
<template>
<p>Counter: {{this.count}}</p>
<button {{on "click" this.incrementCount}}>+1</button>
</template>
}
Dom ref
Conditional
<script>
const TRAFFIC_LIGHTS = ["red", "orange", "green"];
let lightIndex = $state(0);
const light = $derived(TRAFFIC_LIGHTS[lightIndex]);
function nextLight() {
lightIndex = (lightIndex + 1) % TRAFFIC_LIGHTS.length;
}
</script>
<button onclick={nextLight}>Next light</button>
<p>Light is: {light}</p>
<p>
You must
{#if light === "red"}
<span>STOP</span>
{:else if light === "orange"}
<span>SLOW DOWN</span>
{:else if light === "green"}
<span>GO</span>
{/if}
</p>
Ember Polaris
import Component from "@glimmer/component";
import { tracked } from "@glimmer/tracking";
const TRAFFIC_LIGHTS = ["red", "orange", "green"];
export default class TrafficLight extends Component {
@tracked lightIndex = 0;
get light() {
return TRAFFIC_LIGHTS[this.lightIndex];
}
nextLight = () => {
this.lightIndex = (this.lightIndex + 1) % TRAFFIC_LIGHTS.length;
};
<template>
<button {{on "click" this.nextLight}}>Next light</button>
<p>Light is: {{this.light}}</p>
<p>
You must
{{#if (eq this.light "red")}}
STOP
{{else if (eq this.light "orange")}}
SLOW DOWN
{{else if (eq this.light "green")}}
GO
{{/if}}
</p>
</template>
}
Lifecycle
On mount
On unmount
<script>
let time = $state(new Date().toLocaleTimeString());
$effect(() => {
const timer = setInterval(() => {
time = new Date().toLocaleTimeString();
}, 1000);
return () => clearInterval(timer);
});
</script>
<p>Current time: {time}</p>
Ember Polaris
import Component from "@glimmer/component";
import { tracked } from "@glimmer/tracking";
import { registerDestructor } from "@ember/destroyable";
export default class Time extends Component {
@tracked time = new Date().toLocaleTimeString();
constructor(owner, args) {
super(owner, args);
let timer = setInterval(() => {
this.time = new Date().toLocaleTimeString();
}, 1000);
registerDestructor(this, () => clearInterval(timer));
}
<template>
<p>Current time: {{this.time}}</p>
</template>
}
Component composition
Props
<script>
import UserProfile from "./UserProfile.svelte";
</script>
<UserProfile
name="John"
age={20}
favouriteColors={["green", "blue", "red"]}
isAvailable
/>
Ember Polaris
import UserProfile from "./user-profile.gjs";
const favoriteColors = ["green", "blue", "red"];
<template>
<UserProfile
@name="John"
@age={{20}}
@favouriteColors={{favoriteColors}}
@isAvailable={{true}}
/>
</template>Emit to parent
<script>
import AnswerButton from "./AnswerButton.svelte";
let isHappy = $state(true);
function onAnswerNo() {
isHappy = false;
}
function onAnswerYes() {
isHappy = true;
}
</script>
<p>Are you happy?</p>
<AnswerButton onYes={onAnswerYes} onNo={onAnswerNo} />
<p style="font-size: 50px;">{isHappy ? "😀" : "😥"}</p>
Ember Polaris
<template>
<button {{on "click" @onYes}}> YES </button>
<button {{on "click" @onNo}}> NO </button>
</template>
Slot
Slot fallback
Context
<script>
import { setContext } from "svelte";
import UserProfile from "./UserProfile.svelte";
import createUserState from "./createUserState.svelte.js";
const user = createUserState({
id: 1,
username: "unicorn42",
email: "[email protected]",
});
setContext("user", user);
</script>
<h1>Welcome back, {user.username}</h1>
<UserProfile />
Ember Polaris
import UserProfile from "./user-profile";
<template>
<UserProfile />
</template>
Form input
Input text
<script>
let text = $state("Hello World");
</script>
<p>{text}</p>
<input bind:value={text} />
Ember Polaris
import Component from "@glimmer/component";
import { tracked } from "@glimmer/tracking";
export default class InputHello extends Component {
@tracked text = "Hello World";
handleInput = (event) => (this.text = event.target.value);
<template>
<p>{{this.text}}</p>
<input value={{this.text}} {{on "input" this.handleInput}} />
</template>
}
Checkbox
<script>
let isAvailable = $state(false);
</script>
<input id="is-available" type="checkbox" bind:checked={isAvailable} />
<label for="is-available">Is available</label>
Ember Polaris
import Component from "@glimmer/component";
import { tracked } from "@glimmer/tracking";
export default class InputHello extends Component {
@tracked isAvailable = false;
handleChange = (event) => (this.isAvailable = event.target.checked);
<template>
<input
id="is-available"
type="checkbox"
checked={{this.isAvailable}}
{{on "change" this.handleChange}}
/>
<label for="is-available">Is available</label>
</template>
}
Radio
<script>
let picked = $state("red");
</script>
<div>Picked: {picked}</div>
<input id="blue-pill" bind:group={picked} type="radio" value="blue" />
<label for="blue-pill">Blue pill</label>
<input id="red-pill" bind:group={picked} type="radio" value="red" />
<label for="red-pill">Red pill</label>
Ember Polaris
import Component from "@glimmer/component";
import { tracked } from "@glimmer/tracking";
export default class PickPill extends Component {
@tracked picked = "red";
handleChange = (event) => (this.picked = event.target.value);
<template>
<div>Picked: {{this.picked}}</div>
<input
id="blue-pill"
type="radio"
value="blue"
checked={{eq this.picked "blue"}}
{{on "change" this.handleChange}}
/>
<label htmlFor="blue-pill">Blue pill</label>
<input
id="red-pill"
type="radio"
value="red"
checked={{eq this.picked "red"}}
{{on "change" this.handleChange}}
/>
<label htmlFor="red-pill">Red pill</label>
</template>
}
Select
<script>
let selectedColorId = $state(2);
const colors = [
{ id: 1, text: "red" },
{ id: 2, text: "blue" },
{ id: 3, text: "green" },
{ id: 4, text: "gray", isDisabled: true },
];
</script>
<select bind:value={selectedColorId}>
{#each colors as color}
<option value={color.id} disabled={color.isDisabled}>
{color.text}
</option>
{/each}
</select>
Ember Polaris
import Component from "@glimmer/component";
import { tracked } from "@glimmer/tracking";
export default class ColorSelect extends Component {
@tracked selectedColorId = 2;
select = (event) => (this.selectedColorId = event.target.value);
isSelected = (colorId) => this.selectedColorId === colorId;
colors = [
{ id: 1, text: "red" },
{ id: 2, text: "blue" },
{ id: 3, text: "green" },
{ id: 4, text: "gray", isDisabled: true },
];
<template>
<select {{on "change" this.select}}>
{{#each this.colors as |color|}}
<option
value={{color.id}}
disabled={{color.isDisabled}}
selected={{this.isSelected color.id}}
>
{{color.text}}
</option>
{{/each}}
</select>
</template>
}
Webapp features
Render app
Svelte 5
<!doctype html>
<html>
<body>
<div id="app"></div>
<script type="module" src="./app.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
Ember Polaris
<!doctype html>
<html>
<body>
<script type="module" src="./index.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
Fetch data
<script>
import useFetchUsers from "./useFetchUsers.svelte.js";
const response = useFetchUsers();
</script>
{#if response.isLoading}
<p>Fetching users...</p>
{:else if response.error}
<p>An error occurred while fetching users</p>
{:else if response.users}
<ul>
{#each response.users as user}
<li>
<img src={user.picture.thumbnail} alt="user" />
<p>
{user.name.first}
{user.name.last}
</p>
</li>
{/each}
</ul>
{/if}
Ember Polaris
import Component from "@glimmer/component";
import { tracked } from "@glimmer/tracking";
class State {
@tracked isLoading = false;
@tracked error = null;
@tracked data = null;
}
function fetchUsers() {
let state = new State();
async function fetchData() {
try {
let response = await fetch("https://randomuser.me/api/?results=3");
let { results: users } = await response.json();
state.data = users;
state.error = null;
} catch (err) {
state.data = null;
state.error = err;
}
state.isLoading = false;
}
fetchData();
return state;
}
export default class App extends Component {
<template>
{{#let (this.fetchUsers) as |request|}}
{{#if request.isLoading}}
<p>Fetching users...</p>
{{else if request.error}}
<p>An error occurred while fetching users</p>
{{else}}
<ul>
{{#each request.data as |user|}}
<li>
<img src={{user.picture.thumbnail}} alt="user" />
<p>{{user.name.first}} {{user.name.last}}</p>
</li>
{{/each}}
</ul>
{{/if}}
{{/let}}
</template>
}