Reactivity

Declare state

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import Component from "@glimmer/component";

export default class NameComponent extends Component {
  name = "John";

  <template>
    <h1>Hello {{this.name}}</h1>
  </template>
}

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<let/name="John">
<h1>Hello ${name}</h1>

Update state

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import Component from "@glimmer/component";
import { tracked } from "@glimmer/tracking";

export default class CounterComponent extends Component {
  @tracked name = "John";

  constructor(owner, args) {
    super(owner, args);

    this.name = "Jane";
  }

  <template>
    <h1>Hello {{this.name}}</h1>
  </template>
}

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<let/name="John">
<script>name = "Jane"</script>
<h1>Hello ${name}</h1>

Computed state

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import Component, { tracked } from "@glimmer/component";

export default class DoubleCount extends Component {
  @tracked count = 10;

  get doubleCount() {
    return this.count * 2;
  }

  <template>
    <div>{{this.doubleCount}}</div>
  </template>
}

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<let/count=10>
<const/doubleCount=count * 2>
<div>${doubleCount}</div>

Templating

Minimal template

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<template>
  <h1>Hello world</h1>
</template>

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<h1>Hello world</h1>

Styling

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<template>
  <h1 class="title">I am red</h1>
  <button style="font-size: 10rem;">I am a button</button>

  <style>
    .title {
      color: red;
    }
  </style>
</template>

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<h1.title>I am red</h1>
<button style={ "font-size": "10rem" }>I am a button</button>
<button class=scopedButton>I am a style-scoped button</button>

<style>
  .title {
    color: red;
  }
</style>
<style/{ scopedButton }>
  .scopedButton {
    font-size: 10rem;
  }
</style>

Loop

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const colors = ["red", "green", "blue"];

<template>
  <ul>
    {{#each colors as |color|}}
      <li>{{color}}</li>
    {{/each}}
  </ul>
</template>

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<ul>
  <for|color| of=["red", "green", "blue"]>
    <li>${color}</li>
  </for>
</ul>

Event click

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import Component from "@glimmer/component";
import { tracked } from "@glimmer/tracking";

export default class Counter extends Component {
  @tracked count = 0;

  incrementCount = () => this.count++;

  <template>
    <p>Counter: {{this.count}}</p>
    <button {{on "click" this.incrementCount}}>+1</button>
  </template>
}

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<let/count=0>
<p>Counter: ${count}</p>
<button onClick() { count++ }>+1</button>

Dom ref

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import { modifier } from "ember-modifier";

const autofocus = modifier((element) => element.focus());

<template>
  <input {{autofocus}} />
</template>

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<input/inputElement>
<script>
  inputElement().focus();
</script>

Conditional

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import Component from "@glimmer/component";
import { tracked } from "@glimmer/tracking";

const TRAFFIC_LIGHTS = ["red", "orange", "green"];

export default class TrafficLight extends Component {
  @tracked lightIndex = 0;

  get light() {
    return TRAFFIC_LIGHTS[this.lightIndex];
  }

  nextLight = () => {
    this.lightIndex = (this.lightIndex + 1) % TRAFFIC_LIGHTS.length;
  };

  <template>
    <button {{on "click" this.nextLight}}>Next light</button>
    <p>Light is: {{this.light}}</p>
    <p>
      You must
      {{#if (eq this.light "red")}}
        STOP
      {{else if (eq this.light "orange")}}
        SLOW DOWN
      {{else if (eq this.light "green")}}
        GO
      {{/if}}
    </p>
  </template>
}

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static const TRAFFIC_LIGHTS = ["red", "orange", "green"];
<let/lightIndex=0>
<const/light=TRAFFIC_LIGHTS[lightIndex]>

<button onClick() { lightIndex = (lightIndex + 1) % TRAFFIC_LIGHTS.length }>
  Next light
</button>
<p>Light is: ${light}</p>
<p>
  You must
  <if=light === "red">STOP</if>
  <else if=light === "orange">SLOW DOWN</else>
  <else>GO</else>
</p>

Lifecycle

On mount

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const pageTitle = () => document.title;

<template>
  <p>Page title is: {{(pageTitle)}}</p>
</template>

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<let/pageTitle="">
<script>pageTitle = document.title</script>
<p>Page title: ${pageTitle}</p>

On unmount

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import Component from "@glimmer/component";
import { tracked } from "@glimmer/tracking";
import { registerDestructor } from "@ember/destroyable";

export default class Time extends Component {
  @tracked time = new Date().toLocaleTimeString();

  constructor(owner, args) {
    super(owner, args);

    let timer = setInterval(() => {
      this.time = new Date().toLocaleTimeString();
    }, 1000);

    registerDestructor(this, () => clearInterval(timer));
  }

  <template>
    <p>Current time: {{this.time}}</p>
  </template>
}

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<let/time=new Date()>
<script>
  const id = setInterval(() => time = new Date(), 1000);
  $signal.onabort = () => clearInterval(id)
</script>
<p>Current time: ${time.toLocaleTimeString()}</p>

Component composition

Props

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import UserProfile from "./user-profile.gjs";

const favoriteColors = ["green", "blue", "red"];

<template>
  <UserProfile
    @name="John"
    @age={{20}}
    @favouriteColors={{favoriteColors}}
    @isAvailable={{true}}
  />
</template>

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<UserProfile
  name="John"
  age=20
  favouriteColors=["green", "blue", "red"]
  isAvailable
/>

Emit to parent

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<template>
  <button {{on "click" @onYes}}> YES </button>
  <button {{on "click" @onNo}}> NO </button>
</template>

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<let/isHappy=true>
<p>Are you happy?</p>
<AnswerButton
  onYes() { isHappy = true }
  onNo() { isHappy = false }
/>
<p style={ "font-size": 50 }>${isHappy ? "😀" : "😥"}</p>

Slot

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import FunnyButton from "./funny-button";

<template>
  <FunnyButton>Click me!</FunnyButton>
</template>

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<FunnyButton>Click me!</FunnyButton>

Slot fallback

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import FunnyButton from "./funny-button";

<template>
  <FunnyButton />
  <FunnyButton>I got content!</FunnyButton>
</template>

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<FunnyButton/>
<FunnyButton>I got content!</FunnyButton>

Context

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import UserProfile from "./user-profile";

<template>
    <UserProfile />
</template>

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<let/user={
  id: 1,
  username: "unicorn42",
  email: "[email protected]",
}>
<const/updateUsername(newUsername) {
  user = { ...user, username: newUsername };
}>

<h1>Welcome back, ${user.username}</h1>
<context={ ...user, updateUsername }>
  <UserProfile />
</context>

Form input

Input text

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import Component from "@glimmer/component";
import { tracked } from "@glimmer/tracking";

export default class InputHello extends Component {
  @tracked text = "Hello World";

  handleInput = (event) => (this.text = event.target.value);

  <template>
    <p>{{this.text}}</p>
    <input value={{this.text}} {{on "input" this.handleInput}} />
  </template>
}

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<let/text="Hello world">
<p>${text}</p>
<input value:=text>

Checkbox

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import Component from "@glimmer/component";
import { tracked } from "@glimmer/tracking";

export default class InputHello extends Component {
  @tracked isAvailable = false;

  handleChange = (event) => (this.isAvailable = event.target.checked);

  <template>
    <input
      id="is-available"
      type="checkbox"
      checked={{this.isAvailable}}
      {{on "change" this.handleChange}}
    />
    <label for="is-available">Is available</label>
  </template>
}

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<input#is-available
  type="checkbox"
  checked:=input.isAvailable
>
<label for="is-available">Is available</label>

Radio

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import Component from "@glimmer/component";
import { tracked } from "@glimmer/tracking";

export default class PickPill extends Component {
  @tracked picked = "red";

  handleChange = (event) => (this.picked = event.target.value);

  <template>
    <div>Picked: {{this.picked}}</div>

    <input
      id="blue-pill"
      type="radio"
      value="blue"
      checked={{eq this.picked "blue"}}
      {{on "change" this.handleChange}}
    />
    <label htmlFor="blue-pill">Blue pill</label>

    <input
      id="red-pill"
      type="radio"
      value="red"
      checked={{eq this.picked "red"}}
      {{on "change" this.handleChange}}
    />
    <label htmlFor="red-pill">Red pill</label>
  </template>
}

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<let/picked="red">

<div>Picked: ${picked}</div>
<input#blue-pill
  type="radio"
  value="blue"
  checkedValue:=picked
>
<label for="blue-pill">Blue pill</label>

<input#red-pill
  type="radio"
  value="red"
  checkedValue:=picked
>
<label for="red-pill">Red pill</label>

Select

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import Component from "@glimmer/component";
import { tracked } from "@glimmer/tracking";

export default class ColorSelect extends Component {
  @tracked selectedColorId = 2;

  select = (event) => (this.selectedColorId = event.target.value);

  isSelected = (colorId) => this.selectedColorId === colorId;

  colors = [
    { id: 1, text: "red" },
    { id: 2, text: "blue" },
    { id: 3, text: "green" },
    { id: 4, text: "gray", isDisabled: true },
  ];

  <template>
    <select {{on "change" this.select}}>
      {{#each this.colors as |color|}}
        <option
          value={{color.id}}
          disabled={{color.isDisabled}}
          selected={{this.isSelected color.id}}
        >
          {{color.text}}
        </option>
      {{/each}}
    </select>
  </template>
}

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static const colors = [
  { id: 1, text: "red" },
  { id: 2, text: "blue" },
  { id: 3, text: "green" },
  { id: 4, text: "gray", isDisabled: true },
];
<let/selectedColorId=2>

<select value:=selectedColorId>
  <for|{ id, isDisabled, text }| of=colors>
    <option value=id disabled=isDisabled>
      ${text}
    </option>
  </for>
</select>

Webapp features

Render app

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<!doctype html>
<html>
  <body>
    <script type="module" src="./index.js"></script>
  </body>
</html>

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<!doctype html>
<html>
  <body>
    <div id="app"></div>
    <script type="module" src="./app.js"></script>
  </body>
</html>

Fetch data

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import Component from "@glimmer/component";
import { tracked } from "@glimmer/tracking";

class State {
  @tracked isLoading = false;
  @tracked error = null;
  @tracked data = null;
}

function fetchUsers() {
  let state = new State();
  
  async function fetchData() {
    try {
      let response = await fetch("https://randomuser.me/api/?results=3");
      let { results: users } = await response.json();
      state.data = users;
      state.error = null;
    } catch (err) {
      state.data = null;
      state.error = err;
    }
    state.isLoading = false;
  }
  
  fetchData();
  return state;
}

export default class App extends Component {
  <template>
    {{#let (this.fetchUsers) as |request|}}
      {{#if request.isLoading}}
        <p>Fetching users...</p>
      {{else if request.error}}
        <p>An error occurred while fetching users</p>
      {{else}}
        <ul>
          {{#each request.data as |user|}}
            <li>
              <img src={{user.picture.thumbnail}} alt="user" />
              <p>{{user.name.first}} {{user.name.last}}</p>
            </li>
          {{/each}}
        </ul>
      {{/if}}
    {{/let}}
  </template>
}

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<try>
  <await|{ results: users }|=fetch("https://randomuser.me/api/?results=3").then(res => res.json())>
    <ul>
      <for|{ picture, name }| of=users>
        <li>
          <img src=picture.thumbnail alt="user">
          <p>${name.first} ${name.last}</p>
        </li>
      </for>
    </ul>
  </await>
  <@placeholder>
    <p>Fetching users...</p>
  </@placeholder>
  <@catch|error|>
    <p>An error occurred while fetching users</p>
  </@catch>
</try>